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Phare

Phare

What satellites can't see, citizens can

Created on 9th May 2026

Phare

Phare

What satellites can't see, citizens can

The problem Phare solves

Phare is a bonded, citizen-powered registry for sightings of sanctioned oil tankers, ships that move sanctioned cargo by disabling their AIS transponders and going dark. Anyone with a phone can photograph a suspicious vessel, upload the photo to Swarm, and submit a bonded on-chain report from their wallet. The protocol holds the bond in escrow, opens a UMA OOv3 optimistic assertion, and runs a challenge window. Verifier agents running the OpenClaw skill race to dispute fakes; reports that survive settlement are recorded permanently.

  • For reporters: an ordinary citizen in Cyprus or a sailor in the Laconian Gulf can document a vessel that has no official record anywhere. No account, no KYC, no permission. The PWA handles photo capture, Swarm upload, wallet approval, and auto-settlement in one flow.

For journalists, NGOs, and enforcement bodies: every sanctioned vessel that survives adjudication acquires a permanent ENS identity that any browser can resolve. The records include the satellite orbital corroboration from SpaceComputer, signed on-chain by the KMS key. The full dossier lives on Swarm, pointer in the ENS contenthash.

For verifier operators: anyone can run the phare/verifier OpenClaw skill, self-register an ENS subname, and earn 50% of slashed bonds when they successfully dispute fake reports. The agent writes its reasoning JSON to Swarm and updates its own ENS verifier.lastDecision record after every dispute, a live, public accountability trail.

Challenges we ran into

  1. USDC was the bond currency until it wasn't.
    The original spec pinned USDC as the bond currency for ReportRegistry. After probing UMA OOv3's Sepolia AddressWhitelist and calling getMinimumBond, we discovered the UMA minimum bond for that USDC token on Sepolia is 400 USDC, completely impractical for a $5-equivalent demo bond. We switched to WETH, which has a minimum bond of 0.002 WETH (a few dollars), and rebuilt the escrow and faucet instructions around it. Mainnet deployment can revisit USDC.

  2. NameStone was replaced by an on-chain contract mid-design.
    The original spec used NameStone's off-chain CCIP-Read resolver for all ENS minting; no gas per mint, but a centralized write key held by the project. As the ENS integration deepened, we realised that CCIP-Read off-chain resolvers don't support on-chain writes initiated by smart contracts: ReportRegistry cannot call a NameStone API from inside a Solidity callback. The entire minter service and the off-chain NameStone path were replaced with Lighthouse.sol; an 80-line on-chain contract that calls NameWrapper directly and is the sole write authority for both vessel and verifier subnames. This was a significant mid-flight redesign but resulted in a cleaner and more prize-competitive integration.

  3. spaceTEE doesn't exist yet.
    The SpaceComputer architecture documents a spaceTEE inference layer that would let a satellite-hosted TEE predict vessel destinations from imagery. We designed the full integration (plugin methods, inference JSON schema, on-chain attestation) then discovered spaceTEE is on the SpaceComputer roadmap but not yet shipped. Rather than drop the integration, we built the call site honestly: the phare-imager Orbitport plugin exposes the full four-method JSON-RPC interface, but underneath it returns fixture imagery and a rule-based destination prediction that always carries "mocked": true. The KMS signing and on-chain attest() are real; the inference is mock-now-real-later. The plugin is the contribution SpaceComputer can wire to real hardware.

Tracks Applied (6)

Future Society

Phare is built for the Future Society track in the most direct sense: it is civic infrastructure for ecological accounta...Read More

SpaceComputer Bounty

Phare integrates SpaceComputer across three real surfaces, with two mocked layers that are explicitly labelled and have ...Read More

SpaceComputer

Verified Fetch — Trust No Gateway

Phare uses Swarm as the storage layer for every artefact that matters to the protocol: reporter photos, metadata JSON, v...Read More

Swarm

A Simple Key-Value Store on Swarm

Phare implements mutable, verifiable key-value state on Swarm using Single Owner Chunks and Swarm Feeds for two registri...Read More

Swarm

Best ENS Integration for AI Agents

Phare's verifier agents are autonomous OpenClaw agents that dispute fraudulent vessel sightings via UMA OOv3. Each one a...Read More

ENS

Most Creative Use of ENS

ENS is designed for humans and organisations with wallets. Phare uses it for something it was never designed for: physic...Read More

ENS

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