๐ ๏ธ The Problem It Solves
Decentralized finance (DeFi) has unlocked powerful financial tools like lending, borrowing, and yield generation. However, the current DeFi landscape suffers from chain fragmentation โ most lending and borrowing protocols are siloed within individual chains. This creates serious limitations:
- ๐ Liquidity is locked within a single network, reducing capital efficiency.
- ๐งฉ Cross-chain lending protocols are either nonexistent or highly complex, requiring users to interact with multiple dApps, wallets, and bridges.
- โ ๏ธ Manual liquidation and collateral monitoring increases systemic risk, leaving protocols vulnerable to undercollateralization during volatile market conditions.
- โ Lack of secure and standardized cross-chain communication exposes users to bridge exploits and poor UX.
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How This Protocol Solves It
Our project introduces a fully decentralized, cross-chain lending and borrowing protocol that enables seamless collateralization, borrowing, repayment, and liquidation across EVM-compatible chains โ specifically Ethereum Sepolia and Avalanche Fuji testnets.
๐ Chainlink-Powered Cross-Chain Infrastructure
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Chainlink CCIP (Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol) is used to transfer messages and tokens securely between Sepolia and Fuji.
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Chainlink Price Feeds deliver real-time, tamper-proof ETH/USD data, ensuring accurate valuation of user collateral.
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Chainlink Cross-Chain Token Manager enables deployment of a custom ERC20 token (YOK) across both chains, maintaining a stable 1 USD peg, which simplifies borrowing calculations and repayment logic.
๐ง What Users Can Do
For Borrowers
- ๐ฅ Deposit ETH as collateral on Sepolia.
- ๐ธ Instantly receive YOK tokens on Avalanche Fuji via secure CCIP message.
- ๐ต Repay YOK tokens on Fuji and unlock ETH collateral on Sepolia automatically.
For Liquidators
- ๐ Monitor health factor in real-time via Chainlink Price Feeds.
- โ๏ธ Trigger liquidation if user becomes undercollateralized (health factor โค 1).
- ๐ฐ Receive a portion of seized ETH collateral as economic incentive.
For Developers & Protocol Integrators
- ๐ Integrate safe, auditable CCIP messaging for cross-chain operations.
- ๐ Build on a modular lending-borrowing stack with repay, liquidate, and health factor modules.
- ๐ฆ Reuse cross-chain token contracts for other dApps needing pegged multi-chain tokens.
๐ Why It Matters
This protocol demonstrates how next-generation cross-chain DeFi can be built securely and reliably using Chainlinkโs decentralized services. It creates a trust-minimized lending flow that:
- Reduces reliance on centralized bridges.
- Protects users from undercollateralization.
- Enables builders to scale lending protocols across chains.
With increasing demand for interoperable DeFi, this solution addresses real-world limitations and presents a practical, extensible architecture for the next generation of decentralized finance.
โ ๏ธ Challenges I Ran Into
๐งฉ Multi-Chain Liquidity Fragmentation
One of the most significant challenges during the development of this cross-chain lending and borrowing protocol was addressing liquidity fragmentation across multiple blockchains. When deploying lending pools on different networks (e.g., Sepolia and Avalanche Fuji), each chain operates in isolation by default โ assets, liquidity, and state are not inherently interoperable.
This introduced several hurdles:
- ๐ง Liquidity Pools per Chain: Each network would require its own isolated liquidity pool, leading to inefficient capital utilization and difficulty in maintaining balanced liquidity for lending and borrowing operations.
- ๐ Cross-Chain State Syncing: Ensuring accurate tracking of borrowed tokens, repayments, and collateral health across chains was non-trivial. Dealing with asynchronous messaging delays via Chainlink CCIP introduced complexity in reconciling state consistency.
- โ ๏ธ Risk of Under/Over-Supply: Mismatched liquidity could result in one chain having excess YOK tokens (borrowed) with insufficient ETH collateral on another chain to back them.